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Mô đun:Random

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-- This module contains a number of functions that make use of random numbers.local cfg = {}---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Configuration---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Set this to true if your wiki has a traffic rate of less than one edit every two minutes or so.-- This will prevent the same "random" number being generated many times in a row until a new edit is made-- to the wiki. This setting is only relevant if the |same= parameter is set.cfg.lowTraffic = false-- If cfg.lowTraffic is set to true, and the |same= parameter is set, this value is used for the refresh rate of the random seed.-- This is the number of seconds until the seed is changed. Getting this right is tricky. If you set it too high, the same number-- will be returned many times in a row. If you set it too low, you may get different random numbers appearing on the same page,-- particularly for pages that take many seconds to process.cfg.seedRefreshRate = 60---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- End configuration--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------local p = {} -- For functions available from other Lua modules.local l = {} -- For functions not available from other Lua modules, but that need to be accessed using table keys.local yesno = require('Mô đun:Yesno')local makeList = require('Mô đun:List').makeList---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Helper functions--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------local function raiseError(msg)	-- This helps to generate a wikitext error. It is the calling function's responsibility as to how to include it in the output.	return mw.ustring.format('<b class="error">Lỗi [[Mô đun:Random]]: %s.</b>', msg)end---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- random number function--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------local function getBigRandom(l, u)	-- Gets a random integer between l and u, and is not limited to RAND_MAX.	local r = 0	local n = 2^math.random(30) -- Any power of 2.	local limit = math.ceil(53 / (math.log(n) / math.log(2)))	for i = 1, limit do		r = r + math.random(0, n - 1) / (n^i)	end	return math.floor(r * (u - l + 1)) + lendfunction l.number(args)	-- Gets a random number.	first = tonumber(args[1])	second = tonumber(args[2])	-- This needs to use if statements as math.random won't accept explicit nil values as arguments.	if first then		if second then			if first > second then -- Second number cannot be less than the first, or it causes an error.				first, second = second, first			end			return getBigRandom(first, second)		else			return getBigRandom(1, first)		end	else		return math.random()	endend---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date function--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------function l.date(args)	-- This function gets random dates, and takes timestamps as positional arguments.	-- With no arguments specified, it outputs a random date in the current year.	-- With two arguments specified, it outputs a random date between the timestamps.	-- With one argument specified, the date is a random date between the unix epoch (1 Jan 1970) and the timestamp.	-- The output can be formatted using the "format" argument, which works in the same way as the #time parser function.	-- The default format is the standard Wikipedia timestamp.	local lang = mw.language.getContentLanguage()	local function getDate(format, ts)		local success, date = pcall(lang.formatDate, lang, format, ts)		if success then			return date		end	end	local function getUnixTimestamp(ts)		local unixts = getDate('U', ts)		if unixts then			return tonumber(unixts)		end	end	local t1 = args[1]	local t2 = args[2]		-- Find the start timestamp and the end timestamp.	local startTimestamp, endTimestamp	if not t1 then		-- Find the first and last second in the current year.		local currentYear = tonumber(getDate('Y'))		local currentYearStartUnix = tonumber(getUnixTimestamp('1 Jan ' .. tostring(currentYear)))		local currentYearEndUnix = tonumber(getUnixTimestamp('1 Jan ' .. tostring(currentYear + 1))) - 1		startTimestamp = '@' .. tostring(currentYearStartUnix) -- @ is used to denote Unix timestamps with lang:formatDate.		endTimestamp = '@' .. tostring(currentYearEndUnix)	elseif t1 and not t2 then		startTimestamp = '@0' -- the Unix epoch, 1 January 1970		endTimestamp = t1	elseif t1 and t2 then		startTimestamp = t1		endTimestamp = t2	end	-- Get Unix timestamps and return errors for bad input (or for bugs in the underlying PHP library, of which there are unfortunately a few)	local startTimestampUnix = getUnixTimestamp(startTimestamp)	local endTimestampUnix = getUnixTimestamp(endTimestamp)	if not startTimestampUnix then		return raiseError('"' .. tostring(startTimestamp) .. '" không được công nhận là dấu thời gian hợp lệ')	elseif not endTimestampUnix then		return raiseError('"' .. tostring(endTimestamp) .. '" không được công nhận là dấu thời gian hợp lệ')	elseif startTimestampUnix > endTimestampUnix then		return raiseError('ngày bắt đầu phải không được muộn hơn ngày kết thúc (ngày bắt đầu: "' .. startTimestamp .. '", ngày kết thúc: "' .. endTimestamp .. '")')	end	-- Get a random number between the two Unix timestamps and return it using the specified format.	local randomTimestamp = getBigRandom(startTimestampUnix, endTimestampUnix)	local dateFormat = args.format or 'H:i, "ngày" d F "năm" Y (T)'	local result = getDate(dateFormat, '@' .. tostring(randomTimestamp))	if result then		return result	else		return raiseError('"' .. dateFormat .. '" không phải là một định dạng ngày hợp lệ')	endend---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- List functions--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------local function randomizeArray(t, limit)	-- Randomizes an array. It works by iterating through the list backwards, each time swapping the entry	-- "i" with a random entry. Courtesy of Xinhuan at http://forums.wowace.com/showthread.php?p=279756	-- If the limit parameter is set, the array is shortened to that many elements after being randomized.	-- The lowest possible value is 0, and the highest possible is the length of the array.	local len = #t	for i = len, 2, -1 do		local r = math.random(i)		t[i], t[r] = t[r], t[i]	end	if limit and limit < len then		local ret = {}		for i, v in ipairs(t) do			if i > limit then				break			end			ret[i] = v		end		return ret	else		return t	endendlocal function removeBlanks(t)	-- Removes blank entries from an array so that it can be used with ipairs.	local ret = {}	for k, v in pairs(t) do		if type(k) == 'number' then			table.insert(ret, k)		end	end	table.sort(ret)	for i, v in ipairs(ret) do		ret[i] = t[v]	end	return retendlocal function makeSeparator(sep)	if sep == 'space' then		-- Include an easy way to use spaces as separators.		return ' '	elseif sep == 'newline' then		-- Ditto for newlines		return '\n'	elseif type(sep) == 'string' then		-- If the separator is a recognised MediaWiki separator, use that. Otherwise use the value of sep if it is a string.		local mwseparators = {'dot', 'pipe', 'comma', 'tpt-languages'}		for _, mwsep in ipairs(mwseparators) do			if sep == mwsep then				return mw.message.new( sep .. '-separator' ):plain()			end		end		return sep	endendlocal function makeRandomList(args)	local list = removeBlanks(args)	list = randomizeArray(list, tonumber(args.limit))	return listendfunction l.item(args)	-- Returns a random item from a numbered list.	local list = removeBlanks(args)	local len = #list	if len >= 1 then		return list[math.random(len)]	endendfunction l.list(args)	-- Randomizes a list and concatenates the result with a separator.	local list = makeRandomList(args)	local sep = makeSeparator(args.sep or args.separator)	return table.concat(list, sep)endfunction l.text_list(args)	-- Randomizes a list and concatenates the result, text-style. Accepts separator and conjunction arguments.	local list = makeRandomList(args)	local sep = makeSeparator(args.sep or args.separator)	local conj = makeSeparator(args.conj or args.conjunction)	return mw.text.listToText(list, sep, conj)endfunction l.array(args)	-- Returns a Lua array, randomized. For use from other Lua modules.	return randomizeArray(args.t, args.limit)end---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HTML list function--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------function l.html_list(args, listType)	-- Randomizes a list and turns it into an HTML list. Uses [[Mô đun:List]].	listType = listType or 'bulleted'	local listArgs = makeRandomList(args) -- Arguments for [[Mô đun:List]].	for k, v in pairs(args) do		if type(k) == 'string' then			listArgs[k] = v		end	end	return makeList(listType, listArgs)end---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The main function. Called from other Lua modules.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------function p.main(funcName, args, listType)	-- Sets the seed for the random number generator and passes control over to the other functions.	local same = yesno(args.same)	if not same then		-- Generates a different number every time the module is called, even from the same page.		-- This is because of the variability of os.clock (the time in seconds that the Lua script has been running for).		math.randomseed(mw.site.stats.edits + mw.site.stats.pages + os.time() + math.floor(os.clock() * 1000000000))	else		if not cfg.lowTraffic then			-- Make the seed as random as possible without using anything time-based. This means that the same random number			-- will be generated for the same input from the same page - necessary behaviour for some wikicode templates that			-- assume bad pseudo-random-number generation.			local stats = mw.site.stats			local views = stats.views or 0 -- This is not always available, so we need a backup.			local seed = views + stats.pages + stats.articles + stats.files + stats.edits + stats.users + stats.activeUsers + stats.admins -- Make this as random as possible without using os.time() or os.clock()			math.randomseed(seed)		else			-- Make the random seed change every n seconds, where n is set by cfg.seedRefreshRate.			-- This is useful for low-traffic wikis where new edits may not happen very often.			math.randomseed(math.floor(os.time() / cfg.seedRefreshRate))		end	end	if type(args) ~= 'table' then		error('đối số thứ hai với p.main phải là một bảng')	end	return l[funcName](args, listType)end	---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Process arguments from #invoke--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------local function makeWrapper(funcName, listType)	-- This function provides a wrapper for argument-processing from #invoke.	-- listType is only used with p.html_list, and is nil the rest of the time.	return function (frame)		-- If called via #invoke, use the args passed into the invoking template, or the args passed to #invoke if any exist.		-- Otherwise assume args are being passed directly in from the debug console or from another Lua module.		local origArgs		if frame == mw.getCurrentFrame() then			origArgs = frame:getParent().args			for k, v in pairs(frame.args) do				origArgs = frame.args				break			end		else			origArgs = frame		end		-- Trim whitespace and remove blank arguments.		local args = {}		for k, v in pairs(origArgs) do			if type(v) == 'string' then				v = mw.text.trim(v)			end			if v ~= '' then				args[k] = v			end		end		return p.main(funcName, args, listType)	endend-- Process arguments for HTML list functions.local htmlListFuncs = {	bulleted_list           = 'bulleted',	unbulleted_list         = 'unbulleted',	horizontal_list         = 'horizontal',	ordered_list            = 'ordered',	horizontal_ordered_list = 'horizontal_ordered'}for funcName, listType in pairs(htmlListFuncs) do	p[funcName] = makeWrapper('html_list', listType)end-- Process arguments for other functions.local otherFuncs = {'number', 'date', 'item', 'list', 'text_list'}for _, funcName in ipairs(otherFuncs) do	p[funcName] = makeWrapper(funcName)endreturn p
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