Bách khoa toàn thư mở Wikipedia
Silurian graphical timeline
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Silurian Sample
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Devonian graphical timeline
So sánh hai bên { { Graphical timeline } } { { Graphical timeline/sandbox } } Events of the Devonian Period
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← Widespread
[ 5] shrubs & trees
← S. America glaciation begins
Key events of the Devonian Period. Axis scale: millions of years ago.
Events of the Devonian Period
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← Widespread
[ 5] shrubs & trees
← S. America glaciation begins
Key events of the Devonian Period. Axis scale: millions of years ago.
Ediacaran biota
So sánh hai bên { { Graphical timeline } } { { Graphical timeline/sandbox } } The Ediacara biota in context
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← Last Ediacaran communities
← Last extensive glaciation
← First Ediacaran megafossil
Axis scale: million years
References: Waggoner 1998,
[ 6] Hofmann 1990
[ 7]
The Ediacara biota in context
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← Last Ediacaran communities
← Last extensive glaciation
← First Ediacaran megafossil
Axis scale: million years
References: Waggoner 1998,
[ 6] Hofmann 1990
[ 8]
Triassic graphical timeline
So sánh hai bên { { Graphical timeline } } { { Graphical timeline/sandbox } } Key events in the Triassic
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← Smithian-Spathian boundary extinction
[ 9]
← Full recovery of woody trees
[ 10]
← Triassic–Jurassic extinction event
An approximate timescale of key Triassic events. Axis scale: millions of years ago. (NOTE: The white links are for readability only. They are still clickable.)
Key events in the Triassic
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← Smithian-Spathian boundary extinction
[ 13]
← Full recovery of woody trees
[ 10]
← Triassic–Jurassic extinction event
An approximate timescale of key Triassic events. Axis scale: millions of years ago. (NOTE: The white links are for readability only. They are still clickable.)
Paleogene graphical timeline
So sánh hai bên { { Graphical timeline } } { { Graphical timeline/sandbox } } Key events in the Paleogene
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← First Antarctic permanent ice-sheets
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An approximate timescale of key Paleogene events Axis scale: millions of years ago
Key events in the Paleogene
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An approximate timescale of key Paleogene events Axis scale: millions of years ago
Burgsvik beds graphical timeline
So sánh hai bên { { Graphical timeline } } { { Graphical timeline/sandbox } } Subdivisions of the Burgsvik bedsafter Manten (1971)
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Interbedded oolitic/oncolitic lime-, sand- and mud-stones
Sandstone with minor muddy sand/mudstone
Mudstone and muddy sandstone. Rarely exposed.
Grain size -→ Vertical scale in Metres
Subdivisions of the Burgsvik bedsafter Manten (1971)
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Interbedded oolitic/oncolitic lime-, sand- and mud-stones
Sandstone with minor muddy sand/mudstone
Mudstone and muddy sandstone. Rarely exposed.
Grain size -→ Vertical scale in Metres
Early Echinoderms graphical timeline
So sánh hai bên { { Graphical timeline } } { { Graphical timeline/sandbox } } Early Echinoderms (?)
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Axis scale: millions of years ago.
Early Echinoderms (?)
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No right annotations
So sánh hai bên { { Graphical timeline } } { { Graphical timeline/sandbox } } Early Echinoderms (?)
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Early Echinoderms (?)
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Canidae graphical timeline
So sánh hai bên { { Graphical timeline } } { { Graphical timeline/sandbox } } Evolution of the canids
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An approximate timescale of key events in canid evolution.
For precise dates, see text.
Axis scale: millions of years ago.
Evolution of the canids
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An approximate timescale of key events in canid evolution.
For precise dates, see text.
Axis scale: millions of years ago.
Small shelly fauna graphical timeline
So sánh hai bên { { Graphical timeline } } { { Graphical timeline/sandbox } } "Small shellies" in context
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← Cambrian explosion , if sudden
Axis scale: millions of years ago.
References for dates: Ediacara biota[ 15] Small shelly fauna[ 16] , but may have been longer[ 17] [ 18] Tommotian age[ 19] Cambrian explosion[ 20]
Maotianshan shales
[ 21]
"Small shellies" in context
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← Cambrian explosion , if sudden
Axis scale: millions of years ago.
References for dates: Ediacara biota[ 22] Small shelly fauna[ 16] , but may have been longer[ 17] [ 18] Tommotian age[ 23] Cambrian explosion[ 20]
Maotianshan shales
[ 24]
Tham khảo Bản mẫu:Graphical timeline/testcases 1 2 Jeppsson, L.; Calner, M. (2007). "The Silurian Mulde Event and a scenario for secundo—secundo events". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh . Quyển 93 số 02. tr. 135– 154. doi :10.1017/S0263593300000377 . 1 2 Munnecke, A.; Samtleben, C.; Bickert, T. (2003). "The Ireviken Event in the lower Silurian of Gotland, Sweden-relation to similar Palaeozoic and Proterozoic events". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology . Quyển 195 số 1. tr. 99– 124. doi :10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00304-3 . 1 2 Parry, S. F.; Noble, S. R.; Crowley, Q. G.; Wellman, C. H. (2011). "A high-precision U–Pb age constraint on the Rhynie Chert Konservat-Lagerstätte: time scale and other implications" . Journal of the Geological Society . Quyển 168 số 4. London: Geological Society. tr. 863– 872. doi :10.1144/0016-76492010-043 . 1 2 Kaufmann, B.; Trapp, E.; Mezger, K. (2004). "The numerical age of the Upper Frasnian (Upper Devonian) Kellwasser horizons: A new U-Pb zircon date from Steinbruch Schmidt(Kellerwald, Germany)". The Journal of Geology . Quyển 112 số 4. tr. 495– 501. Bibcode :2004JG....112..495K . doi :10.1086/421077 . 1 2 Algeo, T. J. (1998). "Terrestrial-marine teleconnections in the Devonian: links between the evolution of land plants, weathering processes, and marine anoxic events". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences . Quyển 353 số 1365. tr. 113– 130. doi :10.1098/rstb.1998.0195 . 1 2 Waggoner, Ben (1998). "Interpreting the Earliest Metazoan Fossils: What Can We Learn?" . Integrative and Comparative Biology . Quyển 38 số 6. tr. 975– 982. doi :10.1093/icb/38.6.975 . ISSN 1540-7063 . Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 21 tháng 12 năm 2012. Truy cập ngày 7 tháng 3 năm 2007 . ↑ Hofmann, H.J.; Narbonne, G.M.; Aitken, J.D. (1990). "Ediacaran remains from intertillite beds in northwestern Canada". Geology . Quyển 18 số 12. tr. 1199– 1202. Bibcode :1990Geo....18.1199H . doi :10.1130/0091-7613(1990)018< 1199:ERFIBI> 2.3.CO; 2 . ↑ Hofmann, H.J.; Narbonne, G.M.; Aitken, J.D. (1990). "Ediacaran remains from intertillite beds in northwestern Canada". Geology . Quyển 18 số 12. tr. 1199– 1202. Bibcode :1990Geo....18.1199H . doi :10.1130/0091-7613(1990)018< 1199:ERFIBI> 2.3.CO; 2 . ↑ Widmann, Philipp; Bucher, Hugo; Leu, Marc; Vennemann, Torsten; Bagherpour, Borhan; Schneebeli-Hermann, Elke; Goudemand, Nicolas; Schaltegger, Urs (2020). "Dynamics of the Largest Carbon Isotope Excursion During the Early Triassic Biotic Recovery". Frontiers in Earth Science . Quyển 8 số 196. tr. 1– 16. doi :10.3389/feart.2020.00196 . {{Chú thích tạp chí }}: Quản lý CS1: DOI truy cập mở nhưng không được đánh ký hiệu (liên kết )1 2 McElwain, J. C.; Punyasena, S. W. (2007). "Mass extinction events and the plant fossil record". Trends in Ecology & Evolution . Quyển 22 số 10. tr. 548– 557. doi :10.1016/j.tree.2007.09.003 . PMID 17919771 . 1 2 |note5-nudge-down=1Retallack, G. J.; Veevers, J.; Morante, R. (1996). "Global coal gap between Permian–Triassic extinctions and middle Triassic recovery of peat forming plants" . GSA Bulletin . Quyển 108 số 2. tr. 195– 207. doi :10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108< 0195:GCGBPT> 2.3.CO; 2 . Truy cập ngày 29 tháng 9 năm 2007 . 1 2 Payne, J. L.; Lehrmann, D. J.; Wei, J.; Orchard, M. J.; Schrag, D. P.; Knoll, A. H. (2004). "Large Perturbations of the Carbon Cycle During Recovery from the End-Permian Extinction" . Science . Quyển 305 số 5683. tr. 506– 9. doi :10.1126/science.1097023 . PMID 15273391 . ↑ Widmann, Philipp; Bucher, Hugo; Leu, Marc; Vennemann, Torsten; Bagherpour, Borhan; Schneebeli-Hermann, Elke; Goudemand, Nicolas; Schaltegger, Urs (2020). "Dynamics of the Largest Carbon Isotope Excursion During the Early Triassic Biotic Recovery". Frontiers in Earth Science . Quyển 8 số 196. tr. 1– 16. doi :10.3389/feart.2020.00196 . {{Chú thích tạp chí }}: Quản lý CS1: DOI truy cập mở nhưng không được đánh ký hiệu (liên kết )1 2 Zachos, J. C.; Kump, L. R. (2005). "Carbon cycle feedbacks and the initiation of Antarctic glaciation in the earliest Oligocene". Global and Planetary Change . Quyển 47 số 1. tr. 51– 66. Bibcode :2005GPC....47...51Z . doi :10.1016/j.gloplacha.2005.01.001 . ↑ Brasier, M. & Antcliffe, J. (ngày 20 tháng 8 năm 2004). "Decoding the Ediacaran Enigma" . Science . Quyển 305 số 5687. tr. 1115– 1117. doi :10.1126/science.1102673 . PMID 15326344 . Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 7 năm 2008 . 1 2 Bengtson, S. (2004). Lipps, J.H.; Waggoner, B.M. (biên tập). "Early skeletal fossils" (PDF) . Neoproterozoic- Cambrian Biological Revolutions . Paleontological Society Papers. Quyển 10. tr. 67– 78. Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 7 năm 2008 . 1 2 Porter, S.M. (tháng 4 năm 2004). "Closing the Phosphatization Window: Testing for the Influence of Taphonomic Megabias on the Pattern of Small Shelly Fossil Decline" (PDF) . PALAIOS . Quyển 19 số 2. tr. 178– 183. doi :10.1669/0883-1351(2004)019< 0178:CTPWTF> 2.0.CO; 2 . Truy cập ngày 22 tháng 4 năm 2009 . 1 2 Dzik, J. (1994). "Evolution of 'small shelly fossils' assemblages of the early Paleozoic" . Acta Palaeontologica Polonica . Quyển 39 số 3. tr. 27– 313. Truy cập ngày 1 tháng 8 năm 2008 . ↑ "The Tommotian Age" . Truy cập ngày 30 tháng 7 năm 2008 .1 2 Cowen, R. (2000). History of Life (ấn bản thứ 3). Blackwell Science. tr. 63. ISBN 0-632-04444-6 . ↑ Hou, X-G; Aldridge, R.J.; Bengstrom, J.; Siveter, D.J. & Feng, X-H (2004). The Cambrian Fossils of Chengjiang, China . Blackwell Science. tr. 233. ↑ Brasier, M. & Antcliffe, J. (ngày 20 tháng 8 năm 2004). "Decoding the Ediacaran Enigma" . Science . Quyển 305 số 5687. tr. 1115– 1117. doi :10.1126/science.1102673 . PMID 15326344 . Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 7 năm 2008 . ↑ "The Tommotian Age" . Truy cập ngày 30 tháng 7 năm 2008 .↑ Hou, X-G; Aldridge, R.J.; Bengstrom, J.; Siveter, D.J. & Feng, X-H (2004). The Cambrian Fossils of Chengjiang, China . Blackwell Science. tr. 233.